The Montessori Method
The Montessori Method is an education philosophy developed by Dr. Maria Montessori in the 20th century. It emphasizes a holistic view of the child – as a world citizen, as a human, and as an individual. One basic idea in the Montessori philosophy is that carried unseen within each child is the person the child will become. To develop the fullest physical, spiritual, and intellectual potential, the child must have freedom – achieved through order and self-discipline.
To a child, the world is full of sights and sounds which appear chaotic. From this chaos the child gradually creates order and learns to distinguish among the impressions which assail the senses, thus slowly gaining mastery of self and environment.
Who was Dr. Maria Montessori?
Her methodology became known as The Montessori Method- a way to develop children as independent, confident, and intellectually curious young citizens. |
The Environment
Dr. Maria Montessori created what she called “the prepared environment.” Among its features is an ordered environment of sequential learning materials, designed to be developmentally appropriate and aesthetically appealing. Used in the non-competitive Montessori classroom, the materials allow each child to develop at his/her own pace.
“Never let the child risk failure until he has a reasonable chance of success,” said Dr. Montessori, understanding the need to acquire basic skills before participating in a competitive learning situation. The years between three and six are not only the prime time for laying an academic foundation, but most importantly the years when a child learns the ground rules of human behavior most easily. These are the years to help a child in preparing to take his/her place in society through acquisition of good habits and manners.
Dr. Montessori recognized that self-motivation is the impulse to learning. The teacher prepares the environment, offers activities, functions as a reference person and exemplar and observes the child constantly in order to help the process of “learning how to learn.” But it is the child who learns, motivated through the work itself, to persist in a chosen task.
Dr. Montessori was born in Chiaravalle on the eastern coast of
Italy. As the first female doctor in Italy, she became intrigued with how
children learn and developed materials and a philosophy to help them achieve
above average results on nationally sponsored exams.